Should You Take the SAT or ACT?

Absolutely! It’s a good idea to take at least one of these tests. While many colleges and universities have continued their test-optional policies post-pandemic, around 100 schools now require SAT or ACT scores for admission. This includes half of the Ivy League, several selective public universities, and many polytechnic schools. Even if every school on your list is test-optional, consider taking one of the tests. Why? You might score better than you expect, which could strengthen your application—and some schools use SAT math scores for placement once you're enrolled.

Here is a list of some notable schools that now require test scores:

• Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)

• Harvard University

• Stanford University

• Yale University

• California Institute of Technology (Caltech)

• Dartmouth College

• Georgetown University

• University of Florida

• University of Texas at Austin

• Georgia Institute of Technology

Which Test Should You Take? 

The SAT is definitely the most popular choice- about 1.9 million students took the SAT last year, while roughly 1.4 million students took the ACT. The SAT, created by the College Board, has two main sections: Reading and Writing and Math. It's now digital and takes 2 hours and 14 minutes. The SAT generally allows 1 minute per question. The reading and writing sections are shorter, more varied passages than the ACT. A calculator is allowed in some math sections. The SAT no longer offers an optional essay section.

The SAT has 98 questions total and is scored on a 400-1600 scale. There is no dedicated science section but there are science-related questions throughout. The math has a strong focus on Algebra. As of March 2024, the SAT is adaptive so the questions change based on how the student is performing.

The ACT, administered by ACT Inc., is known as a much "quick thinking" test than the SAT and is more science and math-focused. It has 215 questions in total. There is less time per question, requiring quicker information processing. Overall, it's a longer test than the SAT. It is 2 hours 55 minutes (3 hours 35 minutes with the optional essay). So if you're the kind of student who needs to deliberate on standardized test questions, the ACT is not for you. It has four main sections - English, Math, Reading, and Science, plus an optional Writing (essay) section. It has a much wider variety of math topics, including more geometry and trigonometry, than the SAT. A calculator is allowed for the entire math section. The reading and writing section has longer passages but fewer in number. It is scored on a 1-36 scale. The ACT is offered in both digital and paper options (depending on the testing center).

When should you take the test? 

It is recommended to take one of the tests in your junior year. If you are in accelerated math, you can take it as early as December of your junior year. If you need a bit more time to progress in high school math, then March or May of your junior year are fine. It’s ideal to be done with either test by the summer before your senior year; however, many students take it as late as August before senior year as there is still time to get the scores in time for college applications. So, I recommend preparing for the test the summer before your junior year. You can hire a private test prep tutor. I can recommend a great tutor for you. Or you can use books, Magoosh, Kaplan, Princeton Review, YouTube, or Khan Academy. Once you decide on which test you want to take, go online and register right away so you can find a testing center nearby to your home. Register here for the SAT and here for the ACT. 

How many times should I take the test? 

There are many opportunities to take the test (about 7 for each test company). Many students want to take the test again to improve their scores and most students take the test 2-3 times. While many students improve their scores, there's always a chance of scoring lower on a retake. Here are some interesting statistics according to the College Board: 

• 55% of high school juniors improved their scores when retaking the test as seniors.

• The average score improvement for all students retaking the SAT was 40 points.

• About 4% of retakes resulted in critical reading or mathematics score increases of 100 points or more.

• 35% of students experienced score drops on subsequent attempts.

• 10% saw no change in their scores.

For the ACT: 

• Most students tend to see score improvements on their second attempt.

• Score improvements can vary widely between individuals.

• The amount of improvement often depends on factors such as additional preparation, familiarity with the test, and reduced test anxiety.

• After two or three attempts, score improvements tend to plateau, with diminishing returns for additional retakes.

Only retake the test if you’re committed to studying and practicing; otherwise, it’s best to avoid unnecessary attempts. Over-testing can lead to fatigue and increased anxiety, potentially undermining confidence and motivation. If your initial score is significantly below the average SAT scores of your target schools—but you have strong grades and impressive extracurriculars—consider focusing on test-optional schools instead. There are plenty to choose from, including the entire University of California system, which is now test-blind.

As an independent college counselor in Fairfield County, CT, I help students navigate the admissions process with personalized support. With in-depth knowledge of college research, I can craft a balanced list of schools that aligns with each student’s academic strengths and desired college experience. I offer guidance in selecting coursework, writing compelling essays, and creating a well-rounded application that highlights their unique strengths. With my tailored advice, I help students stand out in a competitive admissions landscape and make informed decisions about their educational future.

Contact me to schedule a call and explore how we can make your college aspirations a reality.